diff --git a/lepaper/finite.lyx b/lepaper/finite.lyx index 8dd3de6..7f06958 100644 --- a/lepaper/finite.lyx +++ b/lepaper/finite.lyx @@ -155,7 +155,19 @@ The basic idea of MSTMM is quite simple: the driving electromagnetic field Repeating the same procedure with all (pairs of) scatterers yields a set of linear equations, solution of which gives the coefficients of the scattered field in the VSWF bases. - However, + Once these coefficients have been found, one can evaluate various quantities + related to the scattering (such as cross sections or the scattered fields) + quite easily. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +However, the expressions appearing in the re-expansions are fairly complicated, + and the implementation of MSTMM is extremely error-prone also due to the + various conventions used in the literature. + Therefore although we do not re-derive from scratch the expressions that + can be found elsewhere in literature, we always state them explicitly in + our convention. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection @@ -185,12 +197,40 @@ ity , and that the whole system is linear, i.e. the material properties of neither the medium nor the scatterer depend on field intensities. - Under these assumptions, the EM fields in + Under these assumptions, the EM fields +\begin_inset Formula $\vect{\Psi}=\vect E,\vect H$ +\end_inset + + in \begin_inset Formula $\medium$ \end_inset - must satisfy the homogeneous vector Helmholtz equation -\begin_inset Formula $\left(\nabla^{2}+k^{2}\right)\Psi\left(\vect r,\vect{\omega}\right)=0$ + must satisfy the homogeneous vector Helmholtz equation together with the + transversality condition +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{equation} +\left(\nabla^{2}+k^{2}\right)\Psi\left(\vect r,\vect{\omega}\right)=0,\quad\nabla\cdot\vect{\Psi}\left(\vect r,\vect{\omega}\right)=0\label{eq:Helmholtz eq} +\end{equation} + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Note Note +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +frequency-space Maxwell's equations +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} +\nabla\times\vect E\left(\vect r,\omega\right)-ik\eta_{0}\eta\vect H\left(\vect r,\omega\right) & =0,\\ +\eta_{0}\eta\nabla\times\vect H\left(\vect r,\omega\right)+ik\vect E\left(\vect r,\omega\right) & =0. +\end{align*} + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + \end_inset @@ -208,29 +248,165 @@ todo define \end_inset with -\begin_inset Formula $k=TODO$ +\begin_inset Formula $k=k\left(\omega\right)=\omega\sqrt{\mubg(\omega)\epsbg(\omega)}/c_{0}$ \end_inset - [TODO REF Jackson?]. - Its solutions (TODO under which conditions? What vector space do the SVWFs - actually span? Check Comment 9.2 and Appendix f.9.1 in Kristensson) +, as can be derived from the Maxwell's equations [REF Jackson?]. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection +Spherical waves \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -Throughout this text, we will use the same normalisation conventions as - in +Equation +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "eq:Helmholtz eq" +plural "false" +caps "false" +noprefix "false" + +\end_inset + + can be solved by separation of variables in spherical coordinates to give + the solutions – the +\emph on +regular +\emph default + and +\emph on +outgoing +\emph default + vector spherical wavefunctions (VSWFs) +\begin_inset Formula $\vswfrtlm{\tau}lm\left(k\vect r\right)$ +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Formula $\vswfouttlm{\tau}lm\left(k\vect r\right)$ +\end_inset + +, respectively, defined as follows: +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} +\vswfrtlm 1lm\left(k\vect r\right) & =j_{l}\left(kr\right)\vsh 1lm\left(\uvec r\right),\\ +\vswfrtlm 2lm\left(k\vect r\right) & =\frac{1}{kr}\frac{\ud\left(krj_{l}\left(kr\right)\right)}{\ud\left(kr\right)}\vsh 2lm\left(\uvec r\right)+\sqrt{l\left(l+1\right)}\frac{j_{l}\left(kr\right)}{kr}\vsh 3lm\left(\uvec r\right), +\end{align*} + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} +\vswfouttlm 1lm\left(k\vect r\right) & =h_{l}^{\left(1\right)}\left(kr\right)\vsh 1lm\left(\uvec r\right),\\ +\vswfouttlm 2lm\left(k\vect r\right) & =\frac{1}{kr}\frac{\ud\left(krh_{l}^{\left(1\right)}\left(kr\right)\right)}{\ud\left(kr\right)}\vsh 2lm\left(\uvec r\right)+\sqrt{l\left(l+1\right)}\frac{h_{l}^{\left(1\right)}\left(kr\right)}{kr}\vsh 3lm\left(\uvec r\right),\\ + & \tau=1,2;\quad l=1,2,3,\dots;\quad m=-l,-l+1,\dots,+l, +\end{align*} + +\end_inset + +where +\begin_inset Formula $\vect r=r\uvec r$ +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Formula $j_{l}\left(x\right),h_{l}^{\left(1\right)}\left(x\right)=j_{l}\left(x\right)+iy_{l}\left(x\right)$ +\end_inset + + are the regular spherical Bessel function and spherical Hankel function + of the first kind, respectively, as in [DLMF §10.47], and +\begin_inset Formula $\vsh{\tau}lm$ +\end_inset + + are the +\emph on +vector spherical harmonics +\emph default + +\begin_inset Formula +\begin{align*} +\vsh 1lm & =\\ +\vsh 2lm & =\\ +\vsh 3lm & = +\end{align*} + +\end_inset + +In our convention, the (scalar) spherical harmonics +\begin_inset Formula $\ush lm$ +\end_inset + + are identical to those in [DLMF 14.30.1], i.e. +\begin_inset Formula +\[ +\ush lm=\left(\frac{\left(l-m\right)!\left(2l+1\right)}{4\pi\left(l+m\right)!}\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}e^{im\phi}\dlmfFer lm\left(\cos\theta\right) +\] + +\end_inset + +where importantly, the Ferrers functions +\begin_inset Formula $\dlmfFer lm$ +\end_inset + + defined as in [DLMF §14.3(i)] do already contain the Condon-Shortley phase + +\begin_inset Formula $\left(-1\right)^{m}$ +\end_inset + +. +\begin_inset Note Note +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +TODO názornější definice. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The convention for VSWFs used here is the same as in [Kristensson 2014]; + over other conventions used elsewhere in literature, it has several fundamental + advantages – most importantly, the translation operators introduced later + in eq. + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "eq:translation op def" +plural "false" +caps "false" +noprefix "false" + +\end_inset + + are unitary, and it gives the simplest possible expressions for power transport + and cross sections without additional +\begin_inset Formula $l,m$ +\end_inset + +-dependent factors (for that reason, we also call our VSWFs as +\emph on +power-normalised +\emph default +). + Power-normalisation and unitary translation operators are possible to achieve + also with real spherical harmonics – such a convention is used in \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "kristensson_scattering_2016" -literal "true" +literal "false" \end_inset . \end_layout -\begin_layout Subsubsection -Spherical waves +\begin_layout Standard +Its solutions (TODO under which conditions? What vector space do the SVWFs + actually span? Check Comment 9.2 and Appendix f.9.1 in Kristensson) \end_layout \begin_layout Standard